Environmental & sustainable water treatment by Marine Biologists
1000`s of pages of practical information & products
possible solution to global warming
| Active Water Treatment Environmental & sustainable water treatment by Marine Biologists 1000`s of pages of practical information & products possible solution to global warming |
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| | AFM® | oxygen probes | air diffusers | ozone | mechanical filtration | swimming pools | chemical products | filtration media | biofilter media | safe drinking water | | ||
Drinking water and public health
Dr LEE Jong-wook, Director-General, World Health Organization. Sanitation is one of the primary drivers of public health. I often refer to it as Health 101, which means that once we can secure access to clean water and to adequate sanitation facilities for all people, irrespective of the difference in their living conditions, a huge battle against all kinds of diseases will be won."
Also from WHO, 6% of all disease in Europe is from drinking water, of these infections 50% is due to Cryptosporidiosis.
Dryden Aqua technology has the potential to eliminate the disease and at the same time reduce the operating cost of treating drinking water by up to 30%. We are able to achieve this task because Dryden Aqua are perhaps the only marine biological based company that have examined and understand media bed filtration systems and the techniques used by nature to disinfect water. The technology has been applied to the aquaculture, aquaria and swimming pool industry for 20 years. Dryden Aqua systems are installed in the largest aquaria in Europe where the system treat 10,000 tonnes of water per our and support a huge biomass of aquatic animals in closed systems. We have also been able to reduce the chlorine oxidation demand in swimming pool systems by up to 95% and perform the same task in drinking water. Dryden Aqua have harnessed the properties of nature and our system work in harmony to provide clean clear water, we have proven solutions to many of the water quality problems troubling the water industry.
| AFM (active filter media) | Most of our drinking water is filtered by sand in sand filters. However it is impossible to prevent bacterial fouling and worm-hole channelling. This means there is a conduit through which untreated water can pass straight through the filter bed. Indeed solids, chemicals bacteria and parasites collected on the sand bed surface can all suddenly pass through the filter as a wormhole opens up and then closes. This means that high transient concentrations will be present in the product water from the filters. The oocysts of cryptosporidium is but one of the parasites that will pass through the filter, and because it is resistant to chlorine the organism can not be controlled unless wormhole channelling is prevented. AFM eliminates channels so the problem is solved, AFM is also the only manufactured filter media in the UK certified under Reg31 of the Drinking Water Inspectorate. |
| ZPM | Zeta Potential Mixer, DrydenAqua have developed an advanced static mixer that is also cavitating the water. The cavitation reactions form nano-bubbles that shift the electrical potential of the water. Water molecules tend to line up due to hydrogen bonding, which is controlled by spin direction of the electron cloud. We have found that it is possible to change the electron spin by cavitating the water to drop the zeta potential and increase the redox potential. In effect we make water self sterilising. The reactions are further enhanced by shaking the water at a molecular level using a powerful high frequency resonator. |
| APF | APF is a combination of high purity PAC polyaluminium chloride and NoPhos. We have found PAC for drinking water may be contaminated by phenols and other impurities. PAC used for drinking water treatment is not acceptable for swimming pool water treatment, so we know manufacture a very high purity PAC. Phenols are carcinogenic so we also think it is unacceptable that such products are used for drinking water. Click here for and incident, In addition to PAC we include a high purity NoPhos in APF, the NoPhos prevents bacteria and algae from growing by removing trace nutrients from the water. The water industry often add phosphates to form scale with calcium, however in reality the phosphate, nitrogen and alkalinity promotes the growth of autotrophic bacteria in the pipe work and can lead to the network distribution problems and water quality issues more serious that the problems that are trying to be solved. |
| ACO | Active Chemical Oxidation by nano-particle technology, most disinfection reactions are oxidative, ACO is the first water treatment catalysts that is energised by, UV light, sun-light and by the Dryden Aqua ZPMr unit to disinfect water. The chemicals are not consumed in the process and no residuals are generated. |
| WaterWasp | The WaterWasp is a new device presently under development. The device will control mosquito larval growth as well as bacterial parasites and viri, and all this is achieved in a low cost self powered device without the use of any chemicals. For the first time it looks like there may be a means of economically and effectively controlling the spread of mosquito and water born disease in tropical countries. |
Zeta Potential hydrogen bonding and electrical charge density
The zeta potential of water or a liquid relates to the electrical charge density of particles and dissolved components in the liquid. The particles will predominantly have a negative charge, but some will be positive while others will have a neutral charge.
If you have a solution of small particles such as a colloidal suspension of clay, or an oil colloidal suspension like milk or even red blood cells , all of the particles have a surface electrical charge. Normally the charge is negative, and when the particles have the same electrical charge they will repel each other to remain as a stable suspension. If the electrical charge density of the particles is changed this will have a profound impact on the way the particles and liquid behaves. If some of the particles are changed from negative to positive, they will become attracted to other negative particles, dissolved components will coagulate and small particles will flocculate. When this happens, the clay particles drop out of suspension and the water becomes clear, milk becomes butter, and blood starts to clot .
The Zeta potential does not only controls particles in suspension or chemicals dissolved in water, it will also dictate how the water molecules line up and behave with each other. This has the effect of changing the hydrogen bonding or surface tension of the water. Also if you can change the hydrogen bonding you then influence how easy it is for water to pass through desalination membranes, you reduce the amount of energy required to pump water through pipes, and blood flows through your veins more easily.
Hydrogen bonding and zeta potential also controls how nutrients and waste transported across semi-permeable membranes in all cells, it dictates how bacteria can absorb nutrients and it controls the ability of any organism to osmoregulate.
The implications of hydrogen bonding and electrical charge density are profound, not only in water treatment but in every biochemical mechanism, including nutrition, medicine, and disease transmission. At Dryden Aqua we are at the forefront of this technology and are now using our understanding to develop new products such as www.WaterWasp.com for mosquito and bacteria control. We have also developed ACO which is a new generation of coagulation and oxidation products. Indeed ACO will replace chlorine as an active disinfectant in many industries.
The zeta potential is related to and influenced by many mechanical, chemical and physio-chemical inter-reactions. Water chemistry is also all inter-connection, for example, if you change the pH or mono-valent to di-valent cation ratio, this will impact on the redox potential, zeta potential, water clarity, and bacterial activity. Indeed the simple act of just moving water or a liquid will impact on these parameters.
In addition to zeta potential control we are combining this with catalytic reactions and free radical generation and by this approach we are now able to impart water with a residual ability to disinfect without the consumption of any chemicals.